???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? CE ?????????
????? ?????:2026-04-16 ???????:??????? ??? ?????????:1172
????:
????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? CE? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????.
???? ????????[????]
- ????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?? CE
- ??????? ??? ????? CE ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????????
- ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????
- ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????
- ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????
- ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????????
- ??????? ???????
- ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????????
???? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????????? 2006/42/EC ?????? ????? ????? PED 2014/68/EU ???? ?? 70% ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? CE ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????. ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? CE ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? EN 1706? ??????? ??????? PPAP? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? TüV ?? SGS.
???????? ??? ?????? ?? 28 ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? DDP.
????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?? CE
?????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????: ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? 30%-45% ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? CE. ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? (OEM) ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? 2006/42/EC ????? — ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????.
?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? 8%? ???? ???? ???: ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? RoHS? ???????? REACH SVHC? ??????? ????? 3.1 ?????? EN AC-46000 ?? ??? ?????. ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? CE? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????.
???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????:
- ??? ???????????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????????;
- ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? REACH ?????? (<0.41 ???????? 3 ????????) ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ADC12 ?????? EN AC-46000;
- ???? ???????:: ????? ????? ???? ??????? + ??????? + ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????.
??????? ??? ????? CE ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????????
????? ??????: ?? ???? ????? CE ??? ????? "?????" ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? 2006/42/EC? ?????? PED 2014/68/EU? ?????? ATEX 2014/34/EU? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? (OEM) ?????????? ?? ????? ????? CE ????? ?????? ???????. ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???: ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??????? EN 1706? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? EN ISO 9001? ????? ????? ????? ?????? PPAP ?? ISIR? ?????? ?????? 3.1 (EN 10204).
??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????
- EN 1706????? ??? ???? ??? ???: ?? ????? EN AC-46000 ? EN AC-44300 ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? Si? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? T6 (≥240 ???? ??????). ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? 2023? ???? ?? "A380"? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? 40%? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? EN AC-46000 ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? 0.8%.
- PED 2014/68/EU????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??????? (??? ???????? ????????????? ??? ???????) ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? AD 2000-Merkblatt W6/2 ?? EN 13445.
- ???? 2014/34/????:: ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????.
- IATF 16949:: ????????? ??????? ??????? 3 ?? PPAP? ?MSA? ?SPC Cpk ≥ 1.67 ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????????.
???? ?????? ??? ?????????
| ?????????/???????? | ???????????? ??????? ??????? | ????????? ????????? ???????? |
|---|---|---|
| EN 1706 | ???? ??????? ????? ?????????? | ??????? ?????? + ????? ?????? ???? |
| PED 2014/68/EU | ??????? ???????? >0.5 ??? | ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? WPS/PQR |
| ???? 2014/34/???? | ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? | ????? ????? ????? ?????? |
| RoHS 2011/65/EU | ????????? ??????? ????????? | ????? XRF ?? ????? SGS ?? ??? ???? |
| REACH SVHC | ????? ??????? | 223 ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? (????? 2024) |
???? ??????: ?????? ?? ??? 2022 ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? PED ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? 17 ?????? ??????? ????? ????? 4200 ????. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? (CE) ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? 72 ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???.
?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????
????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? CE ??? ?????? ?????? - ???? ??????? ???? ????? (HPDC)? ????? ?????? ??????? (LPDC)? ????? ????????? (GDC)? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????. ????? ???????? ????: ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????. ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? 2-3 ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? PED.
?? ??? 2023? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???????. ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? HPDC ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? 10 ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? 1.2%? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? 0.3% ???? ?????? ?? 78% ??? 96%? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? 8000 ???? ??? 22000 ????. ??? ??????? ?? 78% ??? 96%? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? 8,000 ???? ??? 22,000 ????.
| ?????? ?????? ??????? | ??????? ??????? (??? CT) | ????? ????? Ra | ????? ?????????/????? | ????? ?????? (????) | ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ???? ??????? ???? ????? HPDC | CT4-CT6 | 1.6-3.2 ???????? | > 10,000 ???? | 15,000-60,000 | ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????????? |
| ???? ?????? ??????? LPDC | CT5-CT7 | 3.2 - 6.3 ???????? | 2,000 ??? 50,000 ???? | 12,000-35,000 | ???? PED? ???? |
| ?? ???????? GDC | CT6-CT8 | 6.3-12.5 ???????? | 500-10,000 ???? | 5,000-15,000 | ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? |
| ?? ????? | CT9-CT11 | 12.5-25 ???????? | 1-500 ???? | 800-4,000 | ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? |
| ???? ?????????? | CT4-CT6 | 1.6-3.2 ???????? | 100-5,000 ???? | 3,000-3,000 (????? ?????) | ??????? ??????? ???? ATEX |
???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ISO 8062-3: 2007? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??? ???? CT ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ????? CE - ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ???? CT ?? ???? 24 ????. ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? CE - ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ???? CT ?? ???? 24 ????.
????? ???????????? ???? ?????? <3 ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?? 10000? ??? HPDC ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? T6 (??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? 25 ???)? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? LPDC ?? GDC? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? HPDC ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????.
???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????
????? ????? ???????:??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????????? CE ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? - ???? ISO 9001+IATF 16949 ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ≥70%? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????????? (CMM)? ????? ????? ??? ???? PPAP? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ERP/MES ?? ??????? ???? ???????. ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????????/??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????. ???? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????.
???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????
| # | ???????? ???????? | ????? ?????? | ???? ???? ?????? (RLI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ????? ?????? | ?????? ??? ISO 9001 ??????? ISO 9001? IATF 16949? ISO 14001? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? | ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?????. |
| 2 | ?????? ???????? | ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? MAGMA ?? ProCAST? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. | ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? 48 ???? = ???? ????? ???? |
| 3 | ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? | ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? 5 ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????. | ???? ??????? ??????? < 60%? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? |
| 4 | ????? ???????? | ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? (OES)? ?CMM? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? | ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? 12 ????? |
| 5 | ???? PPAP | ????? ???? PPAP ?? ??????? 3 ????? ???? ??????? 3 ?? PPAP: FMEA? ???? ??????? ? MSA? ? Cpk ≥ 1.33 | ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? PPAP ???? ????? = ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? |
| 6 | ????? ??????? ?????????? | ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? (???? ?? ???? ??? ?????)? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? CE. | ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? = ????? ???? |
| 7 | ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? | ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ← ???? ???? ← ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ← ??? ????? ?????? ??????? | ?????? ?????? ?????? > 10 ????? = ?????? ???? ?????. |
????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????: ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????
????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ADC12 ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????. ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? — ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? 1.3%? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? 25% ???????. ??? ???? ???? ??????? (CMM)? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? GD&T (??????? ???????? ??????????) ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????. ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? GD&T? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ASME Y14.5.
??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????: ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????
?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? 6 ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? PPAP. ??????? ??????? ??:?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???????.
- ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? (??????/?? ??????)???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ← ???? ??????? ← ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ← ???????? ← ?? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ???? 4K ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????. 2 ?? 6 ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? - ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????.
- ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? (??? ????/?????? ????????):: ???? ??? ??? 3-4 ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? 3 ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? (NCRs) ???? ??? 12 ????? ???????.
- ?????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? → ????? ????? 3500-4800 ???? (??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????)? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? 200 ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? 501 ???????? 3 ????????.
????? ????: ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? CE ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? EN 1706 ?????? ?????? ?????????? (????? ?? ???? ??? A380)? ?? ???? ????? "?????? ???? ???????".
????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????
????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? CE ?? 14 ??? 22 ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? SOP (??? ???????). ???? ????? ???? ??????: ?????? ????? ← ?????? ????? ← DFM ← ????? ?????? ← ??????? ?????? T1 ← ????? T1 ← ??? FAI ← ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ← ???????? ??? PPAP ← ??????? ??? ??????? ?????. ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????.
?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????
| ???? | ???????? ??????? | ????????? ???? ??????? ??????? |
|---|---|---|
| ?????? ????? + ????? ??? ??? ?????? | ?? ????? ??? ??????? | ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? (?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????) |
| ????? ?????? (????? HPDC H13) | ?? 6 ??? 10 ?????? | ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? (MAGMA/Flow-3D) |
| ???? T1 | 1 ????? | ????? ??? ?????? (EN AC-46000? ???)? ?????? ??????? ??????? |
| ??? ?????? ?????? FAI | ?? ????? ??? ??????? | ????? AS9102 ?? VDA 6.3 ????? VDA 6.3 FAI? CMM ?????? ?????? |
| ???????? ??? PPAP | 2-3 ?????? | ???? ????? ??????? 3 ?? PPAP (13 ?????? ?? MSA? Cpk ≥ 1.33) |
| ??????? ??? ??????? ????? | ????? | ?????? ?????? SPC? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? |
????? ??? ?? ??? 2023 ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? (????? ?????? ASTM E155 ??????? 2) ?? ??????? T1? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? 3 ????? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? PPAP? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? 42 ??? ????.
????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????
- ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????:: ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????.
- ??????? 3 ?? PPAP ????? ?? ??????? 2:: ????? ??????? 3 ?? ????? ?????? + ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? CE? ???? ???? AIAG PPAP.
- ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????:: ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? AQL 2.5 ?? ??? SGS ?? TüV ????? "????? ????? ???????" ??? ????? PPAP.
????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????????
????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? (??????? ???????? ????????)? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? (??????? ???????? ????????) ?????? ????? 32-38 ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? 1TP4 ?1800 ??? 2400 ????? ??????/40 ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? 18 ??? 22 ?????? ?????? ????? 35%? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? 5 ??? 7 ????? ?????? ???? 8-12 ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???. ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??? 2026.
??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? DDP ????? ?????? - ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? DDP ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? 7616.99? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? (??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???/?? ?????????? ???????) ??? ?????. 32.1%?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? 19 ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? 61 ???????? ?3 ???????? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ??????:?? ???? ?????? DDP ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? TARIC ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? CE!?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????/??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????.
?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????
| ????? (??????) | ???? ??????? | ???? ??????? | ???????????? ??????? ??????? | ???? ???????? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ????? ?????? FCL | 32-38 ????? | us$1,800-2,400/40hq | ????? ??????? ????? (???? ?? 3 ?????) | ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? |
| ???? ?????-?????? (????/?????-????????) | ?? 18 ??? 22 ????? | ??? ????? ?????? × 1.35 | ????? ?????? ????? D'Ojai? ????? | ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? |
| ????? ????? | 5-7 ???? | US$5.5-7/??? | ???????? ?PPAP? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? | UN38.3 ????? ??????? ???????? UN38.3 |
???? ???? ??????? ???????: ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????
- ????? ???? EXW EXW:: ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? - ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????.
- ????? ????? ???:: ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? 60%??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????.
- ????? DDP ?? ??????:: ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? EORI ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????.
CBAM ????? ?????? ???????: ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? 2026 ???????
???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? (CBAM) ???? ???????? ?? ??? 2023.???? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? 2026? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? CBAM ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????? (EU ETS) (???? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2024 ????? 70 ????/?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????). ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????? 5 ?????????? ????? 50-75 ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? (CO?e)? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? CBAM ????? 3.5-5.3 ???? ?????? ??????? — ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????. ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? CBAM ??????? ???????? ?????????.
?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? TARIC ?????? ?? 10 ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ?? TARIC ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
??????: ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? "????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????/??? ?????? ??????/??? ??????? ???????" ?"???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????" ?"??? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????" - ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? 80%.
??????? ???????
????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? - ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? - ?????? ??? "?????? ????" ????? ?? ???????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? 80%.
??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????
????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? 500-2000 ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? - ???? ?? ??? "????? ???????: ???????" ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????. ??? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2023? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????.
??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????
????? ??????? NNN (??? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????)? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????. ????? ????? 30% ?????? + 70% ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???????. 60 ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? CE.
?????? ??????? ???????????
??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? 35-45 ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??? "????? ??? ?? ???? 60 ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? > 0.3% ??????? ??????".
?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????????
????? ??????: ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? (RFQ) ??? ??????? ????? ?? 40% - ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? 28 ????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? T1.
????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????:
- ?????? ???????????? ??????? STEP + ??? PDF ????? ??????? (????? ? GD&T)? ????? ?????? (??? ???? ?????? EN AC-46000)? ????? ???????? ???????? (T6/F)? ???????? ?????? CPK ≥ 1.33 ?????????
- ????? ????????:: ????? ????? REACH/RoHS? ??????? ???????? (2006/42/EC ?? PED)? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? 3.1 (EN 10204)
- ???? ?????:: ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? PPAP? ?????? ???????
??? ?????? 2-3 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? + ????? 5-10 ????? ?? ??? FAI.
