?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????: ???????? ????????? ?????????
??????:H.K.X ????? ?????:2026-08-11 ???????:??????? ??? ?????????:605
摘: ：
???? ?????? ????????? (Electroless Nickel Plating) ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????. ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????.
???? ????????[????]
- ?????: ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????
- ??????: ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????
- ??????: ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????
- ??????: ????? ?????? ????????? ???????
- ??????: ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????
- ??????: ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????
- 7. ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? (???? ??????)
- ??????: ????? ?????? ????????? ????????
- ??????: ??????? ??????? (FAQ)
?????: ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????
???? ?????? ????????? (Electroless Nickel Plating)? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????或???? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????.
??? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??
?????? ????????:???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? — ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????.
???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????????. ??? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ????????? (Ni-P)??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? (1-4%)? ??????? ???????? (5-9%)? ?????? ???????? (10-14%).
??????: ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????
?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????: ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????.
??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? (NaH?PO?) ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???:
???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????
3NaH?PO? + 3H?O + NiSO? → 3NaH?PO? + H?SO? + 2H? + Ni
(??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????)
?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???:
????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????
2H?PO?? + Ni2? + 2H?O → 2H?PO?? + H? + 2H? + Ni
??????? ??????? ?????? ??:
Ni2? + H?PO?? + H?O → H?PO?? + Ni + 2H?
?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? (H?PO??) ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? (Ni2?) ??? ?????? ??????? (Ni)? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? (H?PO??). ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? (pH) ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????.
??????: ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????
???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???:
| ???????? | ??????? ??????????? -ity? -ism? -ISMISATION | ?????? ??????? ????????? |
|---|---|---|
| ??????? ???????? | ????? ???? ??????? ?????? | ??????? ?????? (NiSO?)? ?????? ?????? (NiCl?) |
| ?????? | ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? | ?????? ???????? (NaH?PO?)? ?????? ??????? ???????? |
| ???? ????? ?????? | ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? | ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? |
| ???? ????? ???? ??????? | ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? | ?????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????????? |
| ?????? | ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? | ?????? ????????? ????? ???????? |
| ???? ????? | ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? | ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? |
| ???? ????? | ????? ????? ?????? ??????? | ??????????? ??????? ?????? |
????? ????? ?????????
?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????.
??????: ????? ?????? ????????? ???????
????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????:
- ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????—— ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? (????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???)
- ?????? ????????—— ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????
- ?????? ????????? ????????—— ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????
- ????? ???????—— ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????
- ????? ?????????—— ???? ????? ?????? ?????? (?????? ???????) ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????
- ??????—— ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????
?????? ?????? ????????:??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????. ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????.
??????: ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????
????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????:
| ??????? | ????????? |
|---|---|
| ????? ??????? | ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? |
| ????? ????? | ?????? ????? ?????? ??? 500 ?600 HV? ????? ?? ??? ??? 900-1100 HV ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? |
| ?????? ?????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? |
| ?????? ?????? ?????? | ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? |
| ???? ????? ??? ????? | ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? |
| ?? ????? | ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? |
| ?????? ???? ????? | ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? |
??????: ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????
???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???????:
1. ??????? ???????
??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????.
2. ????? ????????
???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????.
3. ???????? ?????????????
?? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???????.
4. ????? ????????????
?? ????? ??????? ???????? (PCB) ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????????.
5. ??????? ??????????
???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????.
6. ??????? ???????? ??????
?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????.
7. ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? (???? ??????)
???? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????. ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?????????.
???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????
?????????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? (-1.66 ????)? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????. ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????.
???????? ??????? ????????:??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????.
????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????
???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???.
????? ????? ????? ????????:
| ???????? | ??????? |
|---|---|
| ????? ????? (ZnO) | 120 ?/??? |
| ????????? ???????? (NaOH) | 500 ?/??? |
| ????? ?????? ?????? (FeCl?) | 1 ????/??? |
| ???????? ?????? ?????? (KNaC?H?O?) | 15 ?/??? |
????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????
- ????? ?????? ??????????—— ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????
- ????? ???????—— ??? ??? ?????? ??????
- ?????? ???????—— ????? ???? ??????? ???????
- ?????? ?????? ???? ????—— ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? 30 ?????
- ????? ??????—— ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????????
- ????? ?????? ???????—— ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? 30 ????? ??????? (?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????)
- ?????? ????????? ????????—— ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????
????? ????
??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????. ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????.
??????: ????? ?????? ????????? ????????
????? ??????
????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????:
- ???????:500-600 HV (???? ????? ????????)
- ????? ??????:?????? ????? ??? 5 ?75 ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????
- ????? ????????:1-14% (????? ?????? ???????)
- ???????:????? 7.8-8.3 ?/??3
- ???? ????????:????? 880 ???? ????? (????? ??? ????? ????????)
????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????
???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????. ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????-???????? ????? ????? ????? ?? Ni?P? ??? ???? ?????????? ????????????????.
| ???? ???????? ???????? | ???? ??????? (HV) |
|---|---|
| ?????? ??????? (???? ?????? ??????) | 500-600 |
| 200 ???? ????? × 1 ???? | 700-800 |
| 400 ???? ????? × 1 ???? | 900-1000 |
| 400 ???? ????? × 1 ???? (????? ????????) | 1100-1200 |
?????? ???????? ????????:??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? 400 ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? HV 1100-1200. ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????.
?????? ??????
????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? (10-14% P) ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????. ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????.
??????? ??????????
????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? 30-90 ????????·??. ????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ???????? ???????. ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????.
??????: ??????? ??????? (FAQ)
?? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????
?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????. ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????. ???????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????.
?? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????
?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? 500 ?600 HV? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? 400 ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? 900-1100 HV. ????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? 1100-1200 HV? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????.
?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????????
???. ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????. ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????-?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????.
?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????????
????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????. ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? (10-14%) ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????????. ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????.
?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????
???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??? 5 ?75 ????????? ????? ?? ??? ??? 100 ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??????. ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????. ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? 25-50 ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???.
